How to Feed My Pet

Safe weight loss for dogs and cats

Dogs & cats4 months and older·Sources checked September 13, 2026
This is general information, not veterinary advice, and it cannot diagnose your animal. Every figure here is a starting point to adjust against your own animal, not a prescription. Medical disclaimer

The instinct with an overweight pet is to cut the food hard and get it over with. That is the one approach that reliably backfires: lose weight too fast and what comes off is muscle, not fat — and in cats, rapid loss can trigger a life-threatening liver condition.

Slow is not a compromise here. It is the method.

How we label our evidence

  • Source-supportedStated directly in the cited institutional publication.
  • Our editorial guidanceA conservative reading of the evidence applied to a caregiver decision. Not a validated clinical protocol.
  • Evidence gapWe could not verify this in our approved sources, so we have not invented a number.

Safe rates

Maximum safe weight loss per week
SpeciesPer weekA 30 kg dog / 6 kg cat
Dogs1–2% of body weight300–600 g per week
Cats0.5–1% of body weight30–60 g per week

Those numbers look slow because they are. A dog that needs to lose 5 kg is on a three-to-four month project, not a three-week one. The calculator's weight log exists to make that timescale tolerable — you can see the trend even when a single week looks like nothing happened.

How the calorie target is set

When you switch the goal to weight loss, the calculation changes shape. Instead of resting energy × an activity factor, it becomes:

  • Dogs: RER × 1.0
  • Cats: RER × 0.8

Critically, that RER is calculated from the ideal weight, not the current one — which is why getting the body condition score right matters more in weight-loss mode than anywhere else on the site.

Our editorial guidance
If you select weight loss while the body condition is at ideal or below, the calculator returns maintenance calories instead and tells you so. Producing a deficit for an animal that has nothing to lose would be actively harmful, so we decline to do it.

Cats

This is the important one. Cats that lose weight too rapidly — particularly overweight cats that stop eating — can develop hepatic lipidosis, or fatty liver disease. Fat mobilised faster than the liver can process it accumulates there, and the condition can be fatal.

Do not exceed 1% a week. If an overweight cat stops eating for any reason, that is not a convenient head start on the diet — it is a reason to call the vet.

Measuring, not guessing

  • Re-weigh every two weeks and adjust by 5–10%. Individual variation from any calculated figure reaches ±50%, so the number you start with is a hypothesis you then test.
  • Weigh the food. Measuring cups are off by 30% or more depending on kibble density. A deficit you intended can vanish entirely into cup error.
  • Count the treats. They come out of the daily total — see the 10% rule.

When to involve a veterinarian

What the action labels mean

Emergency now —
contact an emergency veterinary service and arrange immediate assessment. Do not wait for the next scheduled feed or weigh-in.
Call now for triage —
telephone the veterinary service when you notice the sign. The veterinarian decides how quickly the animal needs to be seen.
Contact today —
get in touch when you notice the issue to agree on a time. This does not mean waiting until evening.

Call now for triage

An overweight cat that has stopped eating, or is eating markedly less, for any reason. Do not wait to see whether appetite returns.

Contact today

A pet at BCS 8 or above, before starting. At that point a supervised programme beats a calculator — there may be an underlying cause, and the plan needs monitoring.

Contact today

Weight that is dropping faster than the rates above, or a pet that seems weak, lethargic, or is losing muscle definition during a diet.
Our editorial guidance
We have given loss rates and a calorie basis, not a timetable to a target weight. How long it should take for your individual animal, and whether a therapeutic diet is warranted, is a conversation with your veterinarian — particularly since obesity often travels with other conditions.

Sources

  • AAHA 2021 Nutrition and Weight Management Guidelines for Dogs and Cats
  • Today's Veterinary Nurse (2022) Energy Calculations
  • Pet Nutrition Alliance Calculating Calories Based on Pet Needs